Medical Terms Learned today

A useful coefficient for assessing internal consistency is Cronbach's alpha.
Ref 1
Ref 2

1. Modified RECIST
少なくとも２ｃｍ以上はなれた３レベルにおいて、各レベルで１ｃｍ以上離れた二箇所の胸膜病変の厚さを測る。この６計測値の総和を用いる。
Annals of Oncology 15:257-260, 2004

２．Pemetrexed（アリムタ）について
CDDP/Pemetrexed vs CDDP alone では 奏功率41.3%vs16.7%、PFS median 5.7 Mo vs 3.9 Mo、MST 12.1ヶ月 vs 9.3 ヶ月。日本ではイーライリリーが2006.6.23に悪性胸膜中皮腫を効能・効果として、新規の製造販売承認申請を行った。

Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 21, Issue 14 (July), 2003: 2636-2644
国内での現況

6. 実効線量（effective dose）
A. CTにおける実効線量を求める最も簡便な方法としては、DLPwから実効線量を推定する係数（表）を乗じる方法がある（8, 33, IIb-III, E1）。
表DLPwから実効線量を推定する変換係数
部位変換係数（mSv/mGy・cm） Hidajat N　EGQCCT
頭部0.0028 0.0023
頸部0.0062 0.0054
躯幹0.0190 0.0170-0.0190
* Hidajat N et al. の検討による（8）
** the European Guidelines on Quality Criteria for Computer Tomography (EUR 16262 EN, May 1999,文献5) available at: http://www.drs.dk/guidelines/ct/quality/index.htm
# 実効線量の計算例
通常の頭部CTでシングルスライスヘリカルCTにて120kVp, 300mAs, 5mm 厚、ピッチ１で16cm で撮影した場合を考える。CTDI100は中心、辺縁ともに40mGyとする。この場合CTDIw は40mGyとなるので、DLPwは以下のようになる。
DPLw = 40 [mGy] x 1/1 x 16 [cm] = 640 [mGy・cm]
実効線量は上記の表のEGQCCTの頭部の変換係数0.0023 を乗じて、1.47 mSv となる

脳血管障害画像診断のガイドライン 急性期脳梗塞
Hidajat N, Maurer J, Schroder RJ, et al. Relationships between physical dose quantities and patient dose in CT. Br J Radiol 1999;72:556-561.

龙胆泻肝丸 (Longdan Xierganwan)

（巴黎综合电）一名华裔男子服用了一种称为“龙胆泻肝丸”的中成药后患癌，因此英国医生要求当局加强对中成药的监管。据最新一期的英国医学杂志《柳叶刀》（The Lancet)发表的报告说，2003年，这名30岁的男子发现自己小便出血，就到伦敦惠廷顿医院的肾病诊所治疗。此前这名病人为了“加强”肝功能，5年来一直服用“龙胆泻肝丸”。研究人员发现他得了膀胱癌，必须动外科手术切除，但每次手术过后膀胱癌又再复发，后来肾功能衰竭，必须洗肾。“龙胆泻肝丸”是用一种称为关木通的草药制成，其重要成分是马兜铃酸（aristolochic acid）。

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ロイターの日本語記事

From International Journal of Impotence Research
Mediterranean Diet Improves Erectile Function in Subjects With the Metabolic Syndrome
Posted 07/19/2006
K Esposito; M Ciotola; F Giugliano; M De Sio; G Giugliano; M D'armiento; D Giugliano
Abstract and Introduction
Abstract

Men with the metabolic syndrome demonstrate an increased prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED). In the present study, we tested the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on ED in men with the metabolic syndrome. Men were identified in our database of subjects participating in controlled trials evaluating the effect of lifestyle changes and were included if they had a diagnosis of ED associated with a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, complete follow-up in the study trial, and intervention focused mainly on dietary changes. Sixty-five men with the metabolic syndrome met the inclusion/exclusion criteria; 35 out of them were assigned to the Mediterranean-style diet and 30 to the control diet. After 2 years, men on the Mediterranean diet consumed more fruits, vegetables, nuts, whole grain, and olive oil as compared with men on the control diet. Endothelial function score and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein) improved in the intervention group, but remained stable in the control group. There were 13 men in the intervention group and two in the control group (P=0.015) that reported an IIEF score of 22 or higher. Mediterranean-style diet rich in whole grain, fruits, vegetables, legumes, walnut, and olive oil might be effective per se in reducing the prevalence of ED in men with the metabolic syndrome.